Prof. J. Butterfield (Cambridge 大学) の講演会 "Emergence and Reduction Reconciled" を12月6日（月）に開催します。

名古屋量子情報セミナー＝ホワイト・ノイズ・セミナー合同セミナー
［日時］ 2010年12月6日（月）15時-16時30分
［場所］ 名古屋大学情報科学研究科棟 1階　第3講義室
［講演タイトル］ Emergence and Reduction Reconciled
［講演者］ Jeremy N. Butterfield (Cambridge University)
［講演要旨］This is a companion to another paper. Together they rebut two widespread philosophical doctrines about emergence. The first, and main, doctrine is that emergence is incompatible with reduction. The second is that emergence is supervenience; or more exactly, supervenience without reduction. In the other paper, I develop these rebuttals in general terms, emphasising the second rebuttal. Here I discuss the situation in physics, emphasising the first rebuttal. I focus on limiting relations between theories and illustrate my claims with four examples, each of them a model or a framework for modelling, from well-established mathematics or physics. I take emergence as behaviour that is novel and robust relative to some comparison class. I take reduction as, essentially, deduction. The main idea of my first rebuttal will be to perform the deduction after taking a limit of some parameter. Thus my first main claim will be that in my four examples (and many others), we can deduce a novel and robust behaviour, by taking the limit, N goes to infinity, of a parameter N. But on the other hand, this does not show that that the infinite limit is "physically real", as some authors have alleged. For my second main claim is that in these same examples, there is a weaker, yet still vivid, novel and robust behaviour that occurs before we get to the limit, i.e. for finite N. And it is this weaker behaviour which is physically real. My examples are: the method of arbitrary functions (in probability theory); fractals (in geometry); superselection for infinite systems (in quantum theory); and phase transitions for infinite systems (in statistical mechanics).
［お問い合わせ先］ 名古屋大学 大学院情報科学研究科 小澤正直（電話：052-789-3075）
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開催日：2010/12/6